Embedding ultrasmall Ag nanoclusters in Luria-Bertani extract via light irradiation for enhanced antibacterial activity

Nano Research - Ultrasmall silver nanoclusters (Ag NCs) with rich surface chemistry and good biocompatibility are promising in antibacterial application, however, further development of Ag NCs for...     

Synthesis of nanocrystalline MoSe2 by sonochemical reaction of Se with Mo(CO)6

Nanocrystalline MoSe₂ was prepared by a sonochemical reaction between Mo(CO)₆ and Se in decalin at 273 K in nitrogen atmosphere. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS) and thermal analysis (TG and DSC). The XRD patterns showed that the product is amorphous, while annealing at 330 °C yields nanocrystalline MoSe₂. The influence of ultrasound and temperature is discussed.     

Biomolecules-Incorporated Metal-Organic Frameworks Gated Light-Sensitive Organic Photoelectrochemical Transistor for Biodetection

Incorporating biomolecules into metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as exoskeletons to form biomolecules-MOFs biohybrids has attracted great attention as an emerging class of advanced materials. Organic devices have been shown as powerful platforms for next-generation bioelectronics, such as wearable biosensors, tissue engineering constructs, and neural interfaces. Herein, biomolecules-incorporated MOFs as innovative gating module is realized for the first time, which is exemplified by biocatalytic precipitation (BCP)-oriented horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-embedded zeolitic imidazolate framework-90 (HRP@ZIF-90)/CdIn₂S₄ gated organic photoelectrochemical transistor under light illumination. In connection to a sandwich immunocomplexing targeting the model analyte human IgG, the IgG-dependent generation of H₂O₂ and the tandem HRP-triggered BCP reaction can cause the in situ blocking of the pore network of ZIF-90, leading to variant gating effect with corresponding responses of the device. This representative biodetection achieved good analytical performance with a wide linear range and a low detection limit of 100 fg mL⁻¹. In the view of the plentiful biomolecule-MOF complexes and their potential interactions with organic systems, this study provides a proof-of-concept study for the generic development of biomolecules-MOFs-gated electronics and beyond.     

Preparation and Adsorption Properties of Biomass Activated Carbon from Ginger Stems

Biomass activated carbon(BAC) was produced from ginger stems by carbonization and activation presented high specific surface areas and mesoporous structures. The carbonization temperature of the ginger stems were controlled within 500～900℃. The optimal carbonization condition is as follows: carbonization temperature of 700℃, carbonization time of 6 h. The determined optimum activation condition is: temperature of 800℃, activator of KOH and carbonized product/alkali ratio of 1:4(w/w). The carbonization yield, BAC yield and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET) surface area were measured and the adsorption performance of BAC to nitrogen was investigated. The results showed that the nitrogen adsorption isotherm curve was as type I isotherm. It was finally determined that the BET surface area was 660 m~2/g under the abovementioned optimal conditions of carbonization and activation. The FESEM analysis indicates that the obtained BAC is of micropore structure.     

Biohydrogen production: prospects and limitations to practical application

Hydrogen may be produced by a number of processes, including electrolysis of water, thermocatalytic reformation of hydrogen-rich organic compounds, and biological processes. Currently, hydrogen is produced, almost exclusively, by electrolysis of water or by steam reformation of methane. Biological production of hydrogen (Biohydrogen) technologies provide a wide range of approaches to generate hydrogen, including direct biophotolysis, indirect biophotolysis, photo-fermentations, and dark-fermentation. The practical application of these technologies to every day energy problems, however, is unclear. In this paper, hydrogen production rates of various biohydrogen systems are compared by first standardizing the units of hydrogen production and then by calculating the size of biohydrogen systems that would be required to power proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells of various sizes.     

Urchin-like Co0.8-Mn0.2-P/CC nanowires array: a high-performance and cost-effective hydrogen evolution electrocatalyst

Using cost-effective materials to replace precious Pt-based hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts holds great foreground for energy saving and environmental protection. In this work, we successfully prepared an urchin-like Co_0.8-Mn_0.2-P nanowires array supported on carbon cloth (CC) through a hydrothermal-phosphatization strategy and we also systematically studied its electrocatalytic HER performance. Electrochemical tests demonstrate that our urchin-like Co_0.8-Mn_0.2-P/CC possesses outstanding HER activity in acidic and alkaline media. In 0.5 M H₂SO₄, this urchin-like Co_0.8-Mn_0.2-P/CC only requires an overpotential of 55 mV to drive a current density of 10 mA cm⁻², with the Tafel slope of 55.9 mV dec⁻¹. Similarly, when reaching the same current density, just a particularly low overpotential of 61 mV is required with a corresponding Tafel slope of 41.7 mV dec⁻¹ in 1 M KOH. Furthermore, this electrocatalyst exhibits superior stability with 1000 cycles of cyclic voltammetry and 24 h in the I-T test. Such excellent HER catalytic performance can be attributed to the synergistic effect between Co and Mn atoms and high electrochemical active surface area (ECSA). Our work provides a valuable synthesis strategy of non-precious and high HER performance catalytic material.     

Multicomponent N doped graphene coating Co@Zn heterostructures electrocatalysts as high efficiency HER electrocatalyst in alkaline electrolyte

Multicomponent N doped graphene (NG) coating Co@Zn heterostructures (NG@Co@Zn) were successfully synthesized and used for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Benefit from high conductivity, high density of active sites, the multicomponent NG@Co@Zn@NF-850 catalyst exhibits an excellent HER performance, indicating its potential on hydrogen evolution as non-noble metal-based electrocatalyst. The multicomponent NG@Co@Zn heterostructures with more electron deficiency Co shows outperform HER activity owning to the accelerated electron transport between NG and Co@Zn. This work provide a novel strategy to design non-noble metal multicomponent HER electrocatalysts.     

Electrochemical behavior of graphene doped carbon paste electrode and its application for sensitive determination of ascorbic acid

In present paper, the graphene doped carbon paste electrode (CPE) was firstly prepared with the addition of graphene into the carbon paste mixture. Compared with conventional CPE, an improved electrochemical response of graphene doped CPE toward the redox couple of Fe(CN)₆^3−/4− was demonstrated owing to the excellent electrical conductivity of graphene. The graphene doped CPE was further used for the successful determination of ascorbic acid (AA), and it showed an excellent electrocatalytic oxidation activity toward AA with a lower overvoltage, pronounced current response, and good sensitivity. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the proposed electrochemical AA sensor exhibited a rapid response to AA within 5 s and a linear calibration plot ranged from 1.0 × 10⁻⁷ to 1.06 × 10⁻⁴ M was obtained with a detection limit of 7.0 × 10⁻⁸ M.     

Effect of Fe doping on low temperature deNOx activity of high-performance vanadia anatase nanoparticles

VFe/TiO₂ catalysts have been prepared using a solgel based method. Fe was introduced using 3 different methods. The resulting substances were characterized with N₂-physisorption, NH₃-TPD, H₂-TPR, XPS and XRD. Extrudates of the VFe/TiO₂ powders were prepared using sepiolite (20 wt.%) as binder. The activities of the composite materials in the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO with NH₃ were measured at temperatures of up to 200 °C and in the presence of 20 vol.% H₂O. Presence of Fe can increase the surface area, enhance the redox properties, increase the number of surface acid sites, increase the share of surface adsorbed oxygen and does not induce the formation of crystalline V₂O₅. However, the measurements performed here show that Fe doping does not cause activity enhancement of the V/TiO₂.     

深度共熔溶剂分离生物质资源提取纤维素的研究进展

在传统溶剂法提取纤维素的基础上,重点综述了新型深度共熔溶剂法分离生物质资源提取纤维素的研究进展;分析了国内外深度共熔溶剂在节能减排、生物降解、工艺操作方面的应用优势以及其黏度较高、电导率差、与酶相容性不好等缺陷,为进一步深入研究溶剂法提高纤维素和副产物木质素得率提供理论支持,并对其今后研究进行了展望。